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Updated 08 Sept. 2009
L,a,b Values – A set of three colour values widely used to designate colour of paper, especially of white and near-white paper. The “L” value measures the magnitude upwards on the black (0%) to white (100%) scale, the “a” value measures redness (+) to greenness (-), and the “b” value measures yellowness (+) to blueness (-).
Label – (1) The USA Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act in Section 201(k) defines “label” as a – “display of written, printed, or graphic matter upon the immediate container of any article…” (2) ASTM, D 996 defines “label” as “a piece of paper or other material to be affixed to a container or article, on which is printed a legend, information concerning the product, or addresses. It may also be printed directly on the container”.
Label (pressure-sensitive paper) –
Label directions (environment) –
Labelling – (1) The USA Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act in Section 201(m) defines “labelling” as – “all labels and other written, printed, or graphic matter (a) upon any article or any of its containers or wrappers, or (b) accompanying such article” at any time while a device is held for sale after shipment or delivery for shipment in interstate commerce”. (2) Council Directive 92/27/EEC of March 1992 on the labelling of medicinal products for human use and on package leaflets defines “Labelling” as “information on the immediate or outer packaging”.
Labelling System – (1) Assembly of the package and label and any supplied information on usage that is included within or in contact with the final package (ref. ISO 11607 – 2003(E)). (2) The means by which information is controlled and applied to a packaging component.
Label Paper – A paper usually coated one sided for labelling and wrapping. The other side is either uncoated or coated with an adhesive.
Lacquer – A type of coating, applied in liquid form to boxboard, for protective or decorative purposes.
Lacquering – Application of lacquer to give paper greater gloss and stiffness (brochures and some magazine covers)
Laid (a.k.a Laid Antique) – A finish produced with a dandy roll having closely spaced wires; simulates the finish of original handmade paper.
Laminant – The bonding agent used to effect lamination, for example, water-based adhesives, solvent solution adhesives, hot melt adhesives, plastic extrusions.
Laminate – (1) Laminate is a composite material made of two or more dissimilar substrates of any combination of films, foils and papers bonded together. The generic term for laminate is web. (2) A decorative surfacing material. The normal structure of a decorative laminate includes a sheet of decorative paper impregnated (saturated) with one or several aminic resins, covering the surface of a supporting structure formed by a particleboard (for low pressure laminates) or by kraft paper sheets impregnated with phenolic resin (high pressure laminates).
Laminated Board – A combination of different kinds of boxboards, films, foils, papers or other materials bonded by adhesives in webs or sheets. May also be designated as “lined board.”
Lamination – A process by which a sandwich of film layers is bound together by adhesives, coatings, or other polymers to form substrates with improved physical and chemical properties. The manufacturers offer dry lamination and wet lamination.
Laminboard – Board constructed from glued strips not more than 7 mm in width and faced with veneer.
Largeware – A term given to containers that are over one gallon in capacity.
Laser Printing – Method of electronic printing using a lawer beam to charge the drum.
LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymers) –
LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) – Low density, (0.92-0.934) polyethylene. A polymer that, when coated onto paperboard, creates a moisture and vapour barrier and improves heat sealing. LPDE is inexpensive and probably the most common poly-coating for paperboard. Used mainly for heat-sealability and bulk in packaging.
Lenticular printing – The combining of interlaced electronic images with a specially designed, plastic lenticular lens. Viewing the interlaced images through the lenticular lenses creates the illusion of depth, motion, or other effects for the person viewing the product. The result is a dramatic, eye catching printed piece that instantly captures the attention of the person viewing the product.
Lenticular Solutions – uses a patented lithographic process that creates the most dynamic printed effects available on the market today. Our matched system of pre-press and substrate, allows us to achieve degrees of depth, dimensionality, motion and quality unlike any other lenticular products.
Letterpress Printing – The printing process by which ink is transferred from the raised portions of printing plates or type to board.
Lidding Stock – Material used to seal a blister pack.
Life Cycle Analysis – The measurement and aggregation of all factors relating to the production, use and disposal of materials.
Light Diffusion – An optical property that is caused by the interaction of particles with the light rays. This property is very important in greenhouses since it will determine the actual amount of photosynthetic light available for the plants by controlling the amount of light scattering within the greenhouse. Diffused light will help prevent shadows in the greenhouse allowing lower leaves of plants to be exposed to light.
Lightweight coated paper (LWC) – Coated magazine paper of low grammage (under 72 g/m2); used in magazines and sales catalogues
Lightweight coating – Coating applied at 7-10 g/m2 on one or both sides of the paper.
Lignin – Natural adhesive which binds wood fibres together in the tree and imparts rigidity. In chemical pulps brightness depends on the amount of lignin removed.
Lime sludge – Sludge of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formed during preparation of white liquor in the chemical pulping process
Linear polyurethane – Thermoplastics. With increasing number of links they turn out to be elastic and later hard. They are used as soft and hard foam and many other articles. It is on market under Desmopan, Vulkollan, Elastomoll, Moltopren, Porosyn.
Lined chipboard – Unlined chipboard that is modified by use of a thin layer of different pulp to provide a liner, for example, unbleached chemical pulp to give kraft lined chipboard.
Linen finish – Imitation linen texture impressed onto the paper surface
Liner (a.k.a Linerboard) – (1) A thin, flat sheet that is used as a surface layer on corrugated board or strong carton board. Linerboards form the inner and outer facings of corrugated fibre boxes and are chosen for their structural and/or decorative properties. They can be made from white or brown, kraft or recycled fibres, or a blend of both. (2) The outer or inner ply of a sheet of cylinder board.
Linerless closure – A closure that has been engineered to function in specific applications without the use of an additional liner.
Linting – The dusting tendency of the paper.
Litho Laminating – Process of laminating an offset printed sheet to a single-face corrugated structure, usually on an Asitrade machine.
Lithography (a.k.a Litho) – (1) A printing process using plates whose printing surfaces are partially water repellent and partially ink (oil) repellent. The plates are made of flexible sheets of metal, such as zinc or aluminium, or of two metals as in bimetal plates. These plates are photographically imposed, chemically etched and run on either sheet-fed or roll-fed presses. The term lithography is often shortened to “litho.” (2) A generic term for any printing process in which the image area and the non-image area exist on the same plate and are separated by a chemical repulsion. Usually oil-based Offset Printing, i.e., the image carrier is chemically treated so that the non-image areas are receptive to water (dampening or fountain solution) and repel ink, while the image areas are receptive to ink and repel water.
Litho-laminating – The process of laminating litho pre-printed sheets to a single-face corrugated structure, forming a complete double-face structure.
LLDPE – Linear low density polyethylene. A strong, clear or white film ideal for packaging of foods. It is heat sealable, has excellent puncture and tear resistance, and has a high degree of stiffness. Tougher than LDPE and has better heat-seal strength, but has higher haze.
LN2 – Liquid nitrogen
LNNR – long neck non-returnable
Locking cap (can) –
Long Neck –
Low Pressure Laminate (LPL) – A product made typically of melamine impregnated decorative paper pressed directly onto a substrate at pressures of 300-400 psi and 300-400 degrees F. A very small percentage of LPL is made with polyester resin instead of melamine
Low-temperature impact resistance –
LPL – See: Low Pressure Laminate.
LTS – Light Tin Steel used for easy open ends.
Lumirror PA30 film –
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